The colorful and famous planet Jupiter has intrigued astronomers for hundreds of years to find the scientific facts behind its unique twisting clouds, and now NASA's Juno spacecraft sent to explore the planet has surprised us once again . With the latest data from the spacecraft, scientists were able to get a complete picture of Jupiter and consider it the first three-dimensional image of Jupiter's atmosphere.
Juno has had 37 close passes by Jupiter since 2016, and in these passes, it has given us an interesting view of the planet. The spacecraft showed that Jupiter's colored bands extend thousands of miles below its surface and originate from a complex magnetic field. We also learned that Jupiter's red spot, which has been on the planet for centuries, is a storm that is forming from 320 kilometers above Jupiter's surface.
In addition, Juno showed that the planet's magnetic field is about 10 times that of Earth, has an asymmetric atmosphere, and captured unique images of the outer part of the clouds. Now, with recent Juno data, scientists have been able to better explore Jupiter's complex atmosphere.
Among these data, it was found that some storms were higher than expected and sometimes continued up to 100 km below the surface of the clouds. The surface of clockwise storms is warmer than their depth, and this is only due to differences in the density of different layers of Jupiter's atmosphere.
The opposite is true of counterclockwise storms. The surface of counterclockwise storms is colder than their depth, and the best example of this type of storm is Jupiter's red spot. The depth of the red spot has so far been questioned by scientists, with the Juno microwave radiometer showing that the spot extends up to 500 km below the surface of the clouds.
Among the discoveries made with the Juno radiometer, it was found that the depth of the planet's colorful belts extends to 65 km below the surface of the clouds, and there are jets that make up these belts. Storms flowing on the planet's poles have a direct effect on each other's motion and keep each other in place, unlike Earth storms that travel from pole to pole.
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