All you need to know about the continent of Africa: The continent of Africa is the second largest continent in the world after Asia in terms of area and population, and the first in terms of the number of countries with 54 sovereign states.
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Below we take a quick look at the continent of Africa.
All you need to know about Africa
- Area: 30 million square km
- Population: 1.2 billion people
- Population density: 36 people per square km
- Number of countries: 54 countries
- Largest country: Nigeria
- Smallest country: Seychelles
- Salt output: $2.4 trillion
- Per capita output: 1860 US dollars
- Dominant religion: Christianity (51%), Islam (40%)
African history
Africa has an incredibly rich and complex history, but most people still have very little knowledge of its history compared to that of other continents, even though these lands were the birthplaces of some of history's greatest civilizations.
In addition to the Pharaonic civilization that developed in the northeast of Africa, there were other civilizations whose influence extended outside Africa, including the Kingdom of Kush, which controlled parts of Africa and the Middle East.
The name of all the countries of Africa during colonialism
Until recently, the Mali Empire controlled the entire region of West Africa, and it was at one time one of the richest countries in the world, especially during the reign of Mansa Musa.
European slavery and colonialism
All the countries of Africa were once European colonies, with the exception of Ethiopia and Liberia.
The European countries that shared control of the continent's countries are the United Kingdom, France , Spain, Portugal, Germany and Belgium.
These countries not only colonized the countries of the continent, but also took their inhabitants as slaves to work on the plantations of the New World.
The 10 largest cities in Africa
It is estimated that the number of Africans enslaved by European powers amounted to more than 18 million people.
African independence
Most of Africa's countries succeeded in gaining their independence between 1955 and 1965, but there were countries that had previously become independent much earlier, and other countries waited until the 1970s.
Libya was the first raging to gain independence in 1951, and like many countries on the continent, Libya entered into a civil war after independence that claimed thousands of lives.
The worst civil wars in Africa were those that erupted in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in 1998, in which several neighboring countries participated, and some estimates indicate that they killed more than 5 million people.
Climate in Africa
The Arab countries located on the coast of the Mediterranean have a Mediterranean climate, but the climate becomes dry and desert in the southern part where the desert covers the largest area in the countries of North Africa.
Most of the continent is dry and hot, and the Sahara desert occupies an area of 9.2 million square kilometers (one third of the area of Africa).
Despite this, some parts have a high level of humidity, and receive heavy amounts of rain, such as Cameroon.
Politics and states in Africa
Africa has 54 recognized sovereign states, nine territories of external states, and two states with limited recognition.
Most of the Arab countries are located in the north of the continent on the coasts of the Mediterranean Sea, and the only Arab countries located in the southern part are the Comoros Islands. As for the other countries, they are:
- Morocco
- Mauritania
- Sudan
- Algeria
- Tunisia
- Libya
- Egypt
- Somalia
- Djibouti
Many countries on the continent are ruled by dictatorships, and some are run by personalities who came to power through military coups.
The continent records widespread violations of human rights, some of which are carried out under the supervision of the state.
Economy in Africa
Africa has enough natural wealth and human resources that can achieve comprehensive growth in all its countries and eliminate poverty completely, but the consequences of colonialism, the spread of corruption and civil wars prevent this from happening.
The countries of the continent are showing remarkable growth in their economies, but they are able to do much better. Currently, there are 20 countries classified as fragile or in a state of civil war.
In 2019, the gross domestic product of African countries reached $2.6 trillion, an increase of 3.7 percent over the previous year, and the per capita GDP amounted to $1970.
Wild life in africa
Africa has more diverse wildlife than any other continent, and is home to most of the world's largest wildlife, including:
- The elephants
- gorilla
- the black
- buffalo
- zebras
- leopards
- deer
- tigers
- hyenas
- wild dogs
- Wolves
- giraffes
- ostriches
- Rhino
- Wild boar
- hippos
In recent decades, the animals of the continent have been subjected to intensive hunting, whether to eliminate the threat they pose to human populations or for material gain.
Demographics of Africa
Africa is the second most populous continent, which in 2016 was estimated at 1.2 billion people.
According to the estimates of the year 2022, it is likely that its population will exceed 1.4 billion by the end of the year.
The population of the entire continent is not equal to the population of China alone, however, the population growth rates in Africa are the fastest in the world, and its countries are expected to become among the largest countries in the world in the near future.
Nigeria, for example, is the largest country in Africa with 201 million people, and this number is expected to grow by the year 2100 to 733 million people.
The largest countries in Africa after Nigeria are:
Ethiopia: 114 million
Egypt: 102 million
Democratic Republic of the Congo: 89 million
South Africa: 59 million
Tanzania: 59 million
Kenya: 53 million
Uganda: 45 million
Algeria: 43 million
Sudan: 43 million
Morocco: 34 million
Seychelles is the smallest African country in terms of population with only 93 thousand people, followed by Sao Tome and Principe with 202 thousand people, and then Cape Verde with 508 thousand people.
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